绝密启用前 试卷类型：A
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
（第二次模拟考试）
英 语
注意事项：
1. 考生答卷前，务必将自己的姓名、座位号写在答题卡上。将条形码粘贴在规定区域。本试卷
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 做选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡的规定区域内，写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
笔试部分
一、阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Brown Girl Dreaming
By Jacqueline Woodson
As a winner of the National Book Award, the Coretta Scott King Award, and a Newberry Honor Book, in her
book, Brown Girl Dreaming, the author uses poetry to tell her true story of growing up as a black woman in the 1960s
and 1970s. Woodson’s beautiful language explores big ideas while describing her family, her growing awareness of
race and the civil rights movement, and her life in South Carolina and New York City.
When You Were Everything
By Ashley Woodfolk
Cleo and Layla have been best friends for years. But in their second year of middle school, everything changes.
Layla starts hanging out with her new friends, and the two girls’ friendship slowly ends. Cleo is still trying to make
sense of what happened as she tries to make new friends. Told across two timelines, Cleo’s story of sadness
surrounding a lost friendship will be relevant for many 8th graders trying to deal with past middle school friend drama
and looking forward to high school.
The Hound of the Baskervilles
By Arthur Conan Doyle
The famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Watson set out to look into a new case in Dartmoor,
England. A man is dead, with many dog paw prints leading to his body. Holmes and Watson arrive in Dartmoor to
find several unexplainable events and clues. Together, they start to figure out a puzzle that has defined mystery and
detective fiction ever since.
The Hobbit
By J. R. R. Tolkien
This story is an opener to the longer and more challenging The Lord of the Rings trilogy. It’s an adventure story
set in a fantasy world. With dwarves (小矮人), hobbits, sword fights, wizards and dragons, the book’s plot and humor
have stood the test of time.
21. How is Brown Girl Dreaming different from the other books?
A. It focuses on city life. B. It uses clear language.
C. It has won many awards. D. It tells humorous stories.
22. What is When You Were Everything mainly about?
A. Friendship and growth. B. Lost love and gained hope.
C. Learning to be more independent. D. Dealing with pressure from schoolwork.
23. Which book suits whoever wants to read about adventures?
A. The Hobbit B. Brown Girl Dreaming
C. When You Were Everything D. The Hound of the Baskervilles
B
It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf
trip. I knew I had to say yes. The trip seemed simple enough. 10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to
meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. I have always loved traveling, so I
eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip.
If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the
things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into,
knowing more about less. Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one
particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.
I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our
different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and
grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make
for softer waves but are difficult to ride.
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves
crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.
Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine
joy and personal achievement had been unlocked.
Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the
pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on. While surfing might not be
my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life. You never know what you’re capable of if you
don’t go out there and try.
24. What inspired the author to join the surf trip?
A. Her love for seashore surfing. B. Her desire to make new friends.
C. Her need to take a break from work. D. Her passion for exploring something new.
25. What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field?
A. It hurts one’s pride. B. It narrows one’s potential.
C. It promotes one’s career success. D. It broadens one’s view of the world.
26. Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience?
A. Relaxing but dangerous. B. Tough and uninteresting.
C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Surprising and unforgettable.
27. What can be inferred about the author?
A. She used to lack confidence in herself.
B. She determined to become an expert surfer.
C. She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip.
D. She was more willing to try new experiences in life.
C
You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s
how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know
who is going to be on the other end of that call.
Sometimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts, and
we get through the phone call with ease. Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight, or looking for
someone to blame. Through the luck of the phone system, that person is me.
I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and
threaten me. Why? I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we
were face to face. Fortunately for me, I have had years of experience in customer service, so I’m fairly rich in not
letting the negative encounters bother me.
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同感). I can appreciate the situation
which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job—I understand what you’re going
through, and I’m here to help.
Some days though, no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone, it stays with
me. I may do some deep breathing, go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air. I do
this so I don’t carry that negativity on to my next call. That next call may be a person having the worst day of their
life, but I don’t want to ever be the one who makes it worse. We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which
makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.
28. What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Enjoy. B. Fear. C. Expect. D. Avoid.
29. Why does the author think some callers treat her badly?
A. They get angry too easily. B. They blame her for their debts.
C. They do not see her as a real person. D. They accuse her of taking their money.
30. Why does the author think she is good at her job?
A. She can offer callers best advice. B. She is always respected by callers.
C. She can put herself in others’ shoes. D. She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
31. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text?
A. To call for understanding of her job. B. To explain why she is good at her job.
C. To introduce what she is responsible for. D. To complain about her being treated badly.
D
Waterways are important for every country around the world. They provide not only water for everyday use but
also routes for transport. However, due to industrial activity, many of them are now polluted.
Dakota Perry from the US has experienced water pollution first-hand. The 15-year-old high school girl told
Alabama Local News that she spends a lot of time going on boat rides with her dad on the river behind their house.
However, the river has become littered with plastic bags, bottles and cups. Perry wanted to clean up the water so she
could continue to enjoy the river. So, with the help of her father, she designed a system to collect and remove rubbish
in waterways.
In May, Perry put forward her solution at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair held in
Georgia, US, and received a Judge’s Award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for her
project.
According to the Science News for Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡)
Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flow of bubbles that trap waste and directs it to a catchment system. But Perry
tried to challenge herself and make her system more environment-friendly. She planned to create a curtain of bubbles
that stretched the river diagonally (对角地). The curtain would stop the floating rubbish and then push it toward the
shore. Once there, a conveyor run by a solar-powered battery would carry the waste to a dustbin.
In her backyard pool, Perry used an air compressor (压缩机) to send air through a pipe full of holes to create a
stream of bubbles. She experimented with different amounts of pressure to make sure there would be enough bubbles
to form a full curtain. “For the bubble system to actually work and collect rubbish,” she explained to Science News for
Students, “I have to know how much pressure the air compressor is supposed to push out.”
After she tested her system for collecting rubbish, Perry found that it worked better than expected. Next, she
plans to work out how to use the power of the river to run the air compressor.
32. What motivated Perry to design a rubbish-collecting system?
A. Her father’s encouragement.
B. Her desire to protect a nearby river.
C. A visit to a science and engineering fair.
D. An invention of a Dutch high school student.
33. What can we know about the rubbish-collecting system?
A. It was designed by Perry alone.
B. It makes power to run the air compressor.
C. It collects solar energy to remove rubbish.
D. It creates a bubble curtain to block rubbish.
34. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about?
A. Advantages of the system. B. The way of testing the system.
C. The improvement on the system. D. Challenges in the design process.
35. What kind of person is Perry?
A. Efficient and ambitious. B. Helpful and hardworking.
C. Responsible and creative. D. Professional and adventurous.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We all want to know what happiness means and try to find ways to help make our life better. Happiness—you
know it when you see it, but it’s hard to define. You might call it a sense of well-being, optimism or meaningfulness
in life, although those could also be treated separately. 36 we know that we want it, and that is just somehow
good.
We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness. Research suggests that genetics may play a
big role in our level of happiness, so some of us may start out at a disadvantage. On top of that, environmental factors
can bring down mood and dry up our thirst for living. 37 . Many studies have found a connection between
psychological and physical well-being.
A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between positive psychological features, such as
happiness, optimism and life satisfaction, and a lowered risk of heart disease.
38 . If you have a good sense of well-being, it’s easier to maintain good habits: exercising, eating a
balanced diet and getting enough sleep.
39 , and they do not provide hard evidence of cause and effect. But some researchers believe that positive
mental states do have a direct effect on the body, perhaps by reducing damaging physical processes. For instance, they
found that optimism is associated with lower levels of inflammation (炎症).
If what you mean by happiness is specifically “enjoyment of life”, there’s newer evidence to support that, too. A
study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that people aged 60 and over who said they enjoyed life
less were more likely to develop disability over an 8-year period. 40 . This study does not prove that physical
problems are caused by less enjoyment of life, but suggests a relationship.
A. But whatever happiness really is
B. It might take more work if your mood is low
C. For now these studies can only show associations
D. That refers to the person, and the situation he or she is in
E. Being able to travel around was also related to enjoyment of life
F. To manage our emotions is important for both our body and mind
G. It’s not as simple as “you must be happy to prevent heart attacks”, though
二、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳进项。
Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my
boots. They were all created from hard surfaces, their edges softening over time. I wonder, “Can we learn from a pile
of 41 ?”
Even the tallest mountains have 42 ; none are as tall as they were 1,000 years ago. And much like a rock,
I’ve found my 43 has softened and my desire to better understand others has expanded with each trip around
the sun.
44 , I was also a sharp rock covered in pointy edges. Today, after decades of the waters of life coursing
over me, my edges are softer and and I’m more 45 . I’m less likely to judge and more interested in learning
how we can 46 together.
But I’m not a rock. I’m a 47 filled with all the drama built into my DNA.
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to
48 for not wearing masks. Not 49 and not rude. On the door read a sign, “Please wear a mask before
entering our restaurant. We don’t like it either, but let’s all do what we can to 50 this together.”
The group of young men wanted to 51 about the note. I sat at the restaurant watching, understanding
both sides. I’ve been one of them before, using my youthful edges to chip away at the world. What I lost, 52 ,
was the ability to grow from 53 by looking through the eyes of others. In learning to be more 54 , I’ve
also found more happiness and success.
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to 55 and
make room for others, while the latter never give an 56 to accommodate others.
57 , like the waters rolling against once sharp stones, changes us by washing away our resistance to 58
the world from someone else’s point of view.
I placed a 59 stone into my jacket pocket. Mother Nature is holding a 60 again.
41. A. goods B. boxes C. books D. rocks
42. A. piled up B. worn down C. risen up D. broken down
43. A. will B. voice C. attitude D. heart
44. A. open B. Still C. Here D. Once
45. A. understanding B. confident C. patient D. competitive
46. A. contribute B. exist C. suffer D. develop
47. A. leader B. teacher C. human D. judge
48. A. leave B. explain C. apologize D. pay
49. A. contradictory B. confusing C. forceful D. discouraging
50. A. get through B. stick to C. deal with D. fight against
51. A. think B. care C. talk D. argue
52. A. even B. however C. anyway D. also
53. A. hardships B. struggle C. experiences D. failure
54. A. open B. cautious C. ambitious D. independent
55. A. ignore B. accept C. adjust D. change
56. A. excuse B. agreement C. entrance D. inch
57. A. Nature B. Tolerance C. Tide D. Time
58. A. reforming B. seeing C. exploring D. travelling
59. A. sharp B. rounded C. valuable D. rolling
60. A. class B. belief C. meeting D. discussion
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
The 38th Qinhuai Lantern Festival Lights Up China
On the evening of February 2, the 2024 “Light Up China” event, the 38th annual China Qinhuai Lantern Festival
lighting ceremony, 61 (begin) at the Bailuzhou Park in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. The Qinhuai Lantern
Festival, 62 is also known as the “Jinling Lantern Festival”, is a folk cultural activity spread in Nanjing in
history. It is usually held during the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival every year. It is the most famous lantern
festival in China and it is included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
With the Bailuzhou Park, the Confucius Temple Scenic Area and the Laomendong District serving 63
main display venues, this year’s Qinhuai Lantern Fair has set up 7 exhibition areas with 330 lantern installations.
64 (compare) to previous years’ lantern festivals, one of the major highlights this year is the remarkable
“the Year of the Dragon” theme. For instance, at the front of the Linxing Gate of the Confucius Temple in Nanjing,
the lantern display features twin dragons winding around pillars, blowing out dragon pearls, symbolizing
auspiciousness (吉祥) and reunion. Meanwhile, the Bailuzhou Park takes 65 (inspire) from the “Illustration of
Lanterns in the Shangyuan Festival” as its creative theme, showing 66 total of 68 sets of lanterns in various
sizes and forms, recreating the splendid scene of observing lanterns during the Ming dynasty as described in the
ancient artworks.
The Lantern Festival in Nanjing this year not only celebrates the traditional customs of the Lunar New Year but
also highlights the city’s cultural heritage and 67 (innovation) spirit, drawing visitors from across the nation
68 (participate) in the joyous celebrations.
A local elderly person said to a news reporter 69 (proud), “It has the reputation of No. 1 Lantern Festival
in the world and the Qinhuai Lantern Festival 70 (be) the best in the world. It is the only large-scale
comprehensive lantern festival in China that integrates lantern exhibitions, lantern festivals and lantern markets.”
三、写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Sunday I took part in the exciting outdoor activity with my friends. We go hiking in the mountains nearby,
and it was a pleasant experience. We got up early than usual to pack our backpacks with water, food and other
necessary thing. When we got there, we started with our hike. The path was challenging, but the scenery was amazed.
As we hiked, we chatted, laughed, and encouraging each other. We also had breaks and took photos. When they
finally completed the hike, we were tired out but happy. I was extreme delighted to spend time with my friends in
nature and enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. It was an unforgettable walk indeed, I can’t wait to have another chance to
hike with them.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
你们学校最近组织了一次植树活动，请以“An Interesting Tree-planting Activity”为题写一篇报道，向校英
语报投稿，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点及参与者；
2. 植树的过程；
3. 你的体验和感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Interesting Tree-planting Activity
听力部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相
应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does Mike plan to do tonight?
A. Watch a movie. B. Attend a meeting. C. Work on his presentation.
2. How will the woman contact John?
A. By phone. B. By email. C. In person.
3. When will the speakers meet on Thursday?
A. At 3:30 p.m. B. At 4:00 p.m. C. At 4:10 p.m.
4. Why will Kathy call Anne?
A. To express thanks. B. To look for a helper. C. To give some information.
5. Where will the conference probably be held?
A. In Pittsburgh. B. In Atlanta. C. In Kansas City.
第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并
标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给
出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are they probably doing?
A. Taking a driving test. B. Doing some shopping. C. Playing a computer game.
7. What did the woman think of what the man did?
A. It was useless. B. It was not correct. C. It was unimportant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has the woman decided to do?
A. Try film making. B. Learn a language. C. Study photography.
9. Why does the woman want to develop a new skill?
A. To travel. B. To find a job. C. To get promoted.
10. What are the speakers going to do first?
A. Buy some coffee. B. Eat dinner. C. Watch a performance.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does the woman probably do?
A. A host. B. A teacher. C. A writer.
12. What does Bob say about life administration?
A. It is pleasing. B. It is tiring. C. It is boring.
13. What did Elizabeth advise the “administration avoiders” to do?
A. Make a to-do list. B. Do necessary tasks first. C. Avoid meaningless.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What keeps the group going?
A. The love for creating artworks.
B. The pleasure of helping others.
C. The wish to improve the community.
15. How has the local government helped the group?
A. By renting a room. B. By providing money. C. By building a webs.
16. Where can people buy the bottles now?
A. From the town hall. B. In the shops. C. On the Internet.
17. How many members does the group have at present?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Eight.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why will the shopping mall make a change to the cafe?
A. To offer more dishes.
B. To make it more comfortable.
C. To provide room for more customers.
19. How should shoppers book the “personal shopper” service?
A. By filling in a form online.
B. By going and visiting the store.
C. By calling the information desk.
20. What is the second cooking class about?
A. Keeping food fresh. B. Making instant meals. C. Learning about safety rules.