高三上学期 12 月月考 英语试题
总分 120 分 考试时间 120 分钟
一、阅读理解（共 40 分）
During my third year of university, I spent six months studying in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil. Many are worried about travelling to Rio but I promise, it is worth
a visit. Now I want to share my top recommendations (推荐) for experiencing Rio
less as a tourist but more like a native Brazilian.
Pedra Bonita
Rio is full of hiking routes, and some Brazilians love to spend an afternoon
hiking. My favorite route of all has to be Pedra Bonita. Pedra Bonita involves a
steep climb of about an hour through tall trees, and I admit it is difficult in Rio’s
heat, but you are rewarded at the top with a wonderful view of the city, standing
high above the green landscape and blue sea below.
Mureta da Urca
One thing you are sure to find in Rio is an amazing sunset, but a lot of the
best spots tend to be full of tourists. In my opinion, Mureta da Urca is the most
relaxing place to watch the sun set over the silver sea, with the figure of Christ the
Redeemer standing tall in the background.
Pedra do Sal
Pedra do Sal is a historical area in the city centre and on Monday nights it is
brought to life by the sound of samba. Hundreds of people gather in the street,
food and drink stalls are set up and it becomes a giant street party with everyone
enjoying the happy sound of live samba!
Picanha
If there were one Brazilian food I could bring back to the UK, it would be
picanha. It is the tastiest cut of steak I have ever tasted, served alongside rice and
beans.
1．The writer once went to Rio de Janeiro to ________.
A．stay there as a tourist for six months
B．study as a short-time international student
C．live as a native Brazilian
D．learn how to be a native Brazilian
2．Which of the following is probably the favorite of body-builders?
A．Pedra Bonita. B．Mureta da Urca.
C．Pedra do Sal. D．Picanha.
3．What can you enjoy in Pedra do Sal?
A．A wonderful view of the city. B．An amazing sunset.
C．A giant street party. D．A nice Brazilian food.
It’s late at night, the weather is bad, and you’re hungry. Your favorite
restaurant is a mile away, but you don’t want to leave the house, and you don’t
want to pay a $5 delivery fee and a tip for a $10 meal.
So, what can you do?
Back in the old days, you would have to go in the rain or learned to plan
ahead. But those days are coming to an end, at least in Washington DC．
About 20 knee-high robots recently have appeared on the sidewalks of the
nation’s capital, and they’re out to bring takeout food from restaurants to hungry
customers at home—while keeping the delivery cost to just a dollar.
Each of the robots seems like a box on sixwheels, and drives at an average
speed of 4 miles per hour. It has lights and a tall and bright orange flag to make it
more noticeable on the sidewalk.
The robot relies on artificial intelligence technology that draws input from
nine cameras, GPS and sensors. The cameras recognize a lot—including traffic
lights, crosswalks and stop signs. If a robot finds itself in a situation it doesn’t
understand, all the machine has to do is send a call for help. Then a human
operator in a remote control center can look through the cameras and figure out
the best action to take. That camera also provides security. If someone tries to
steal the robot, for example, the cameras can photograph the thief.
Law-makers in Washington DC, Virginia, Florida and Idaho have already
started to make such self-driving robots legal on the sidewalks. Other states have
also expressed interest.
“Robots like these will complete deliveries that normally wouldn’t have been
placed with the human-based delivery options of the past,” one of the law-makers
says, “But we have to be sure that they are not going to put people out of jobs.”
4．How much should you pay for a $10 meal delivered by robots?
A．$10. B．$1l. C．$15. D．$17.
5．Which paragraph mainly focuses on the robots’ appearances?
A．Paragraph 3. B．Paragraph 4.
C．Paragraph 5. D．Paragraph 6.
6．What are the law-makers worried about?
A．The robots’ reliability. B．The safety of the passers-by.
C．The high delivery costs. D．The possible unemployment.
7．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Technology. B．Advertisement.
C．Law. D．Politics.
Would it surprise you to learn that the vast majority of adults—around 75
percent—tell up to two lies every day? What this suggests then is that you’ve
probably told a lie or two in the past 24 hours and chances are you've also been
lied to.
Before you start protesting your innocence or confronting loved ones and
colleagues, though, it’s worth noting that the bulk of these lies fall into the
“hardly worth mentioning” category. Think little white lies such as attempting to
spare someone’s feelings or gently twisting the facts to avoid looking-bad. People
tell lies for a variety of reasons. Less than 12 percent of lies can be categorized as
“big lies”—and these are usually the ones that really matter. An example of a big
lie, according to the study’s authors, would be saying “I love you” without being
sincere.
So, are there any body language giveaways that can help “out” someone
who’s lying? Back in 2015, University of Michigan researchers identified some
common behaviors among liars, including frowning or grimacing ( 扮 怪 相 ),
looking directly at the questioner in a bid to appear trustworthy, and
overcompensating by gesturing with both hands. A more recent study found that
liars may unconsciously mimic the body language of those around them while
their brains are otherwise engaged in telling lies. However, to establish a
connection with a new person, that will make them feel that there is something
about you that they like. It’s also worth looking out for the “eye dart”: when we
glance to the left, we’re attempting to recall facts and events; when we look to the
right, we’re thinking more creatively.
Vocal factors can offer a good clue, too. People who are being deliberately
dishonest — or who lack certainty in what they’re saying—tend to speak slower
and place less emphasis on the middle of words. It’s important to remember
though that none of these pointers offer undeniable evidence that you’re dealing
with a liar. After all, some people just grimace (做鬼脸) more or speak slower
than others.
8．Which of the following lies are NOT categorized as “hardly worth mentioning”?
A．“I love your new haircut.”
B．“I am so into you.”(said coldly)
C．“Relax. It makes no difference to me. ”
D．“My train was cancelled” instead of “I overslept and missed my train”.
9．How does a liar’s body language give away himself?
A．He looks directly at the questioner to show his trust in him.
B．He keeps glancing to the left from time to time when he talks.
C．He unintentionally repeats the gesture made by the person he talks to.
D．He speaks slower and emphasizes the middle of the words less.
10．The underlined word “mimic” in the third paragraph means ______.
A．affect B．ignore C．mirror D．mix
11．What’s the best title for the text?
A．How to deal with a liar. B．How to tell white lies or big lies.
C．The possible reasons of telling lies. D．How to tell if someone is lying to
you.
It’s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people,
babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a
world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at
Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centres
are set up. In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old
babies in New South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astounding( 令 人 吃 惊 的 ) results. It was found that
infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social life
in groups as well.
“They communicate with more than one baby at once, and show jealousy and
generousness,” said Professor Bradley.
He added, “They develop their own meanings through group interaction, they
notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles, such as
leaders and followers.”
“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn ( 内 向 的 ),
but put that same baby in a group of its peers ( 同 龄 人 ) and they behave and
interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted. “Most studies of
babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship, assuming that is the single
foundation for mental health, but babies are constantly involved with groups of
people other than their mothers, fathers, siblings, grandparents and those taking
care. Therefore, the mother-baby approach needs to be combined with a group
approach,” said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison, a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in
Sydney’s inner west, said she often noticed what appeared to be emotional
attachments developed between toddlers.
She said, “Joel （ 1 ） months ) and Isabella （ 2 ） months )
always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat. And babies
definitely show jealousy. They push and touch each other, and copy what the
other is doing.”
12．Which of the following statements about the study is TRUE?
A．It’s the first study to look at all-baby groups.
B．It divides babies according to their personalities.
C．Its aim is to change the way of child care.
D．Its results are hard to believe.
13．A baby who has a depressed mother _____.
A．tends to be a follower B．also enjoys group interaction
C．has poor social ability D．pays more attention to its mother
14．What can be inferred from the result of this study?
A．There’s no need of child-care centers at all.
B．Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers.
C．Adults should include babies when having social activities.
D．The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental
health for babies.
15．The underlined word “toddlers” in Paragraph 8 can be replaced by “____”.
A．adults B．infants
C．peers D．groups
二、七选五（共 10 分）
Do you constantly use the computer, whether for learning or entertainment?
Computers give off radiation that is bad for your health, but here are some ways
to protect yourself from the radiation. 16 Green tea can be absorbed by the
body easily into a form of vitamin A, which helps reduce radiation. 17
It is advisable to attach a radiation filter plate (辐射过滤板) in front of your
computer screen. Be sure to avoid putting any metal substances near your
computer as these may reflect some of the electromagnetic waves that are harmful
to your health. 18 The brighter the screen is, the higher the radiation will
be.
You can also put some radiation-absorbing plants such as several cacti (仙人
掌) near your computer to prevent radiation.
Make sure you take measures to protect your skin before sitting in front of the
computer. 19 What's more, wash your face soon after using the computer
in order to reduce 70% of the radiation.
20 An old computer in general has one to two times more radiation
released than the new one within the same distance.
A．And adjust the brightness of your computer screen.
B．It also helps our eyes see things clearly in the dark by improving the visual
ability.
C．And adjust the sound level on your computer.
D．The most efficient way is by drinking some coffee regularly.
E．If possible, purchase a new computer instead of using an old computer.
F．The simplest way is by drinking two or three cups of green tea every day.
G．For example, apply a face mask to protect yourself.
三、完形填空（共 15 分）
Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by.
Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently 21
boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers
are 22 as big heroes.
It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it 23 because
it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can 24
the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a 25
themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to
time, but they cannot show their 26 in their everyday lives. Watching a
boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.
However, there is a 27 side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous
sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers 28
have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional
and amateur boxing, sometimes with 29 consequences. Boxers have
suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a
result of being knocked out in the 30 . Furthermore, studies have shown
that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain
31 , even if a boxer has never been knocked out.
I am personally not at all in 32 of aggressive sports like boxing. I
think it would be better if less time was 33 to aggressive sports on TV,
and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our
heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough
already! Of course, people like 34 sports, and so do I, but I think that
35 other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be
regarded as a sport.
21．A．broadcast B．cover C．host D．design
22．A．kept B．individualized C．thought D．treated
23．A．appealing B．subjective C．violent D．challenging
24．A．pick up B．believe in C．identify with D．long for
25．A．winner B．spectator C．inspector D．trainer
26．A．ambition B．aggression C．energy D．strength
27．A．positive B．indifferent C．deadly D．negative
28．A．otherwise B．somehow C．even D．barely
29．A．dramatic B．eye-catching C．emotional D．special
30．A．court B．ring C．pitch D．yard
31．A．loss B．drain C．damage D．disorder
32．A．favour B．process C．charge D．power
33．A．shifted B．transformed C．given D．delivered
34．A．competitive B．quiet C．cooperative D．regular
35．A．invading B．insulting C．teasing D．hitting
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
You may not know the name John Smith Pemberton, but you must know the
name of his 36 (invent):Coca-Cola.
Pemberton was a US chemist. When he was wounded in the Civil War, he
used medicine to ease the pain and gradually got 37 (addict) to it. To light
the addiction, he created his own drink by 38 (use) leaves of coca and
nuts of kola. He named 39 ，“Pemberton’s French Wine Coca”. In the same
year, the local government passed a ban on alcohol. Pemberton had to change the
recipe to remove the alcohol.
In 1886, Pemberton invited Willis Venable to help him perfect his new
recipe. They used carbonated water and finally invented a new drink. It had no
alcohol 40 could still ease pain and clear the mind. Pemberton decided to
sell it 41 a drink rather than a medicine. In 1887, Pemberton sold part of
the stock of his company to Asa Candler, 42 later created the Coca-Cola
Company.
Nowadays. Coca-Cola has become one of the most popular 43 (drink)
in the world. The company only offers semi-finished products to partners and
won’t sell the 44 (origin) ingredients (成分).Its secret recipe was kept in
the Sun Trust Bank in Atlanta for 86 years until the end of 2011. Since then, it
45 (keep) in the World of Coca-Cola center in Atlanta.
五、建议信（共 15 分）
46．假设你是李华，你的英国网友 Jimmy 正尝试学习汉语，请你给他写封电
子邮件，介绍一下汉语以及学习汉语的一些方法。要点如下：