湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题（解析版）

华中师大一附中2023-2024学年度上学期高三期中检测英语试题考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Who is the woman probably talking to?A. Her classmate. B. Her son. C. A doctor. 2. What is the man doing?A. Walking through a forest. B. Visiting the woman's house. C. Planting flowers in his garden. 2. What is the man doing?A Walking through a forest. B. Visiting the woman’s house. C. Planting flowers in his garden. 3. What does the woman probably want to buy?A. Clothes. B. Colorful lights. C. Skin care products. 4. Where does the man most look forward to going in New York?A. To the Statue of Liberty. B. To Times Square. C. To Broadway. 5. Why should the glasses be kept by the man according to the woman?A. They’re fashionable. B. They are expensive. C. They’re memorable. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6. What role does the woman wish to take in the school play?A. The violinist. B. The writer. C. The actress. 7. Which instrument does the man learn to play recently?A. The guitar. B. The violin. C. The guzheng. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8. When does Mary usually learn Python online?A. On Fridays. B. On Saturdays. C. On Sundays. 9. What kind of movie does Mary like best?A. Detective ones. B. Comedy ones. C. Science fiction ones. 10. Who will go to the cinema tomorrow?A. Only the man. B. Only the woman. C. The speakers and Jack. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11. What is Tina’s weakest part of learning English?A. Speaking. B. Writing. C. Reading. 12. What matters most in learning a language according to Colin?A. Being patient. B. Making friends with foreigners. C. Living in an English-speaking country. 13. What does Colin suggest Tina do?A. Get up earlier to learn. B. Read newspapers every day. C. Practice English every morning. 听下面一段对话, 回答以下小题。14. Who is Mr. Timms?A. The head of the company. B. The volunteer organizer. C. A True Blue Neighbors representative. 15. According to the woman, which group has the biggest need?A. The soup kitchen. B. The elementary school. C. The shelter. 16. What will happen if the employees join the tutoring program?A. They will be paid four hours each week. B. They will receive training. C. They will need to sign up. 17. What will the employees probably do after the conversation?A. Ask more questions. B. Get some dinner together. C. Read some more information. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18. When can most children learn how to use the computer?A. At the age of 2. B. At the age of 3. 5. C. In Grade3 or 4. 19. How did Judy’s son know the classification?A. On his own. B. Under Judy’s guidance. C. With the help of the software. 20. Why is it necessary for children to learn the computer at home?A They can avoid being at a disadvantage. B. They can get online help from the teachers. C. They’ll leave good impressions on their teachers. 第二部分 阅读(每小题 2. 5 分，共计 50 分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADear Editor, I’m now a postgraduate student and have studied at top universities, but am troubled that my life choices are conditioned by a need to prove myself, possibly resulting from a deep-rooted sense of insecurity. At school, I based my self-worth on academic success. I care excessively (过度地) about what impression I’m making and can’t bear the thought of displeasing people. How can I stop caring what other people think?Mr. PerfectDear Mr. Perfect, You are living your life by externally referencing. This means your actions are guided by what you imagine other people think of you. Your challenge is to become more internally referenced, which means you can make choices guided by the experience of how things feel to you. Go with what feels good, not with what you think would look good to others. You don’t need to impress anyone. You are good enough exactly as you are. We are not necessarily accepted by people because we impress them and, in fact, if we try too hard to do that, we are more likely to be rejected. You don’t have to say “top” university, you can be proud of what you have achieved, but without being competitive.We do care about what people think about us. We want friendly colleagues and close friends-it matters. People will want to be around you because they feel seen by you and you can get on each other’s wavelengths, not because you are impressive. So let go of impressing and think more about relating. Worthiness is not about being a top academic, it is about being a caring, curious human being.Philippa1. According to Philippa, what should Mr. Perfect do to live by “internally referencing”?A. Seek others’ advice.B. Make sensible choices.C. Follow his own heart.D. Leave good impressions.2. Why should Mr. Perfect stop impressing others?A. He can never be good enough.B. He is a worthy person as he is.C. His relationship decides his worth.D. His academic performance matters.3. What does the underlined word “relating” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Showing empathy.B. Turning for help.C. Establishing new relationships.D. Pleasing people.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是两封信，一个名为“完美先生”的人写信给编辑倾诉自己烦恼，而编辑菲利帕给出了建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二封信第一段“Your challenge is to become more internally referenced, which means you can make choices guided by the experience of how things feel to you. Go with what feels good, not with what you think would look good to others.(你面临的挑战是变得更有内在参照，这意味着你可以根据自己对事物的感受来做出选择。做你感觉好的事，而不是你认为别人会觉得好的事)”可知，菲利帕认为，根据“内在参照”，完美先生应该跟随自己的心来生活。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二封信第二段“You don’t need to impress anyone. You are good enough exactly as you are. (你不需要给任何人留下深刻印象。你现在这样就够好了)”以及“You don’t have to say “top” university, you can be proud of what you have achieved, but without being competitive.(你不必说“顶尖”的大学，你可以为你所取得的成就感到自豪，但不必那么争强好胜)”可知，完美先生要停止给别人留下深刻印象，因为他是一个值得尊敬的人。故选B。3题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Worthiness is not about being a top academic, it is about being a caring, curious human being.(价值不在于成为顶尖的学者，而在于成为一个关心他人、充满好奇心的人)”可知，菲利帕认为我们要关心他人，即对他人表现出同情心。故划线词意思是“表现同情心”。故选A。BSoaring to 29, 035 feet, the famous Mount Everest had long been considered unclimbable due to the freezing weather, the obvious potential fall from cliffs and the effects of the extreme high altitude, often called “mountain sickness.” But that was to be changed by Edmund Hillary.When he was invited to join the British Everest expedition in 1953, Edmund Hillary was a highly capable climber. The glacier-covered peaks in his hometown in New Zealand proved a perfect training ground for the Himalaya. It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.On May 28, 1953, Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay, an experienced Sherpa (夏尔巴人) set out and reached the South Summit by 9 a. m. next day. But after that, the ridge (山脊) slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur (尖坡) about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.At 11:30 a. m, the two men found themselves standing at the top of the world. “Not until we were about 50 feet of the top was I ever completely convinced that we were actually going to reach the summit.” Hillary later recounted, “Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise. After all, this is the ambition of all mountaineers.”Emerging as the first to summit Mount Everest, Hillary Hillary continued by helping explore Antarctica, and establishing the Himalayan Trust (信托基金), through which he provided a number of beneficial services to the Himalayan peoples. He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”4. What made Edmund Hillary a capable climber on the 1953 expedition?A. His undisputed reputation.B. His remarkable physical condition.C. His previous training on Mount Everest.D. His exceptional ability to adapt to the cold.5. What does the Hillary Step refer to?A. A mistake Hillary avoided making.B. A steep spur of rock Hillary conquered.C. An ax Hillary used to scratch snow.D. A sudden fall of a ridge Hillary skipped.6. What was Hillary’s initial feeling upon reaching the summit of Mount Everest?A. Overwhelming joy.B. Enormous pride.C. Complete disbelief.D. A touch of astonishment.7. What was the impact of Hillary’s achievement on mountaineering?A. It opens up possibilities for other climbers.B. It enabled him to give back to his hometown.C. It left financial benefits for climbers to pursue.D. It led to friendly regulations for mountaineering.【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了登山者Edmund Hillary攀登珠峰的尝试以及他对后人的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It was his fourth Himalayan expedition in just over two years and he was at the peak of fitness.(这是他在两年多的时间里第四次去喜马拉雅探险，他正处于健康的巅峰)”可知，是卓越的身体状况让埃德蒙希拉里在1953年的探险中成为一名有能力的登山者。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“But after that, the ridge slightly fell before rising suddenly in a rocky spur about 17 meters high just before the true summit. The formation is difficult to climb due to its extreme pitch because a mistake would be deadly. Scratching at the snow with his ax, Hillary managed to overcome this enormous obstacle, later to be known as the Hillary Step.(但在那之后，山脊略有下降，然后在真正的顶峰前突然上升，形成一个约17米高的岩石尖坡。由于坡度太大，这个阵型很难攀爬，因为一个错误将是致命的。希拉里用斧头刨雪，克服了这个巨大的障碍，后来被称为“希拉里台阶”)”可知，“希拉里台阶”指的是希拉里征服了一处陡峭的岩尖。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Of course I was very, very pleased to be on the summit, but my first thought was a little bit of surprise.(当然，我非常非常高兴能登上顶峰，但我的第一个想法是有点惊讶)”可知，希拉里登上珠穆朗玛峰的第一感觉有点惊讶。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“He also a sizeable legacy that mountain climbers have chased ever since. As a young climber said, “It was not just Hillary and Tenzing that reached the summit of Mount Everest. It was all of humanity. Suddenly, all of us could go.”(他还留下了一笔可观的遗产，从那以后，登山者们一直在追逐他。正如一位年轻的登山者所说，“登上珠穆朗玛峰顶峰的不只是希拉里和丹增。这是全人类。突然间，我们所有人都可以去了。”)”可知，希拉里的成就为其他登山者提供了可能性。故选A。CWith the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors. DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions. The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors. Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life. If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.8. What is the primary purpose of DNA testing for dogs?A. To identify a dog’s personality traits.B. To reveal a dog’s future behavioral changes.C. To determine a dog’s socialization preferences.D. To obtain a dog’s breed and genetic information.9. How does DNA testing for dogs typically work?A. By analyzing the dog’s hair and fur.B. By conducting a blood test on the dog.C. By matching the dog’s DNA with a database.D. By studying the dog’s genetic health history.10. What is the correct order of having an DNA test?get the sample processed rub the swab gently receive the result select the type of test place the swab into the container mail the sample back to the labA. -----B. ----C. -----D. -----11. What is the text?A. A dog advertisement.B. A dog DNA experiment.C. A dog DNA testing survey.D. A dog DNA test kit promotion.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一个狗DNA检测试剂盒的促销活动。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors. (近年来，随着易于使用的家庭试剂盒的出现，狗的DNA检测在狗主人中越来越受欢迎。它可以为了解狗的品种、健康风险甚至行为提供宝贵的见解。)”可知，对狗进行DNA检测的主要目的是获取狗的品种和基因信息。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions. (DNA检测通常通过分析从狗脸颊内侧提取的细胞样本中发现的遗传物质来进行。然后将该样本与已知品种和与某些性状或健康状况相关的遗传标记的数据库进行比较。)”可知，对狗的DNA检测通常是通过将狗的DNA与数据库进行比对。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. (获得DNA检测试剂盒的第一步是选择你想要的类型。)”和第四段“Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.(然后是时候使用大多数试剂盒中提供的拭子试剂盒或唾液采集管采集你的狗的样本了。在将拭子放入公司提供的收集容器之前，应根据试剂盒的指示在宠物的脸颊内轻轻擦拭。采集样本后，应根据提供服务的公司的指示将样本邮寄回实验室进行处理。一旦实验室收到结果，通常需要1-2周的时间来处理并通过电子邮件或邮件发回。根据购买的测试类型，结果会有所不同，但通常包括有关宠物品种组成的详细信息，以及任何潜在的健康风险或与其基因相关的行为特征，这些信息可能会影响宠物的整体健康和生活质量。)”可知，做DNA检测的顺序应该是：选择测试类型，轻轻擦拭拭子，将拭子放入容器，将样本邮寄回实验室，处理样本，接收结果。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors. (近年来，随着易于使用的家庭试剂盒的出现，狗的DNA检测在狗主人中越来越受欢迎。它可以为了解狗的品种、健康风险甚至行为提供宝贵的见解。)”和最后一段“If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley. (如果你正在寻找一种简单的方法，在不花太多钱的情况下了解更多关于小狗背景的信息，那么DNA检测可能正是你的选择。)”可知，这篇文章主要是售卖狗DNA检测试剂盒，所以它是一场促销活动。故选D。DIn 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years. The revival has been encouraged by Covid lockdowns, “which allowed people to explore the craft at home,” says natural-dyeing enthusiast and teacher Susan Dye. It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection. “Put it this way, 97% of dyes used in the industry are petrochemically (石油化学产品) based,” says sustainable fashion consultant Jackie Andrews, who helped advise the UN Ethical Fashion Initiative. “We’ve got net zero targets which mean we’re going to have to remove all those petrochemicals from the manufacturing cycle.”Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution — due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker still. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them. It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials-often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen, from the minor footprint of upclycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. This is why, while beginners start with simply changing their clothes’ color, new worlds open. Many of today’s natural dyers grow their own dye plants, run local community workshops, and advocate for change in industrialized fashion systems and beyond.12. What is the main reason for the growing discomfort mentioned in paragraph 2?A. The adoption of petrochemical-based dyes.B. The challenging net zero targets to be achieved.C. The fashion industry’s focus on luxurious designs.D. The disturbing consequences of the fashion industry.13 The author illustrates “Fashion is a huge polluter” by ______.A. making a comparisonB. giving examplesC. listing numbersD. introducing a new topic14. What does the underlined phrase “a quiet act of rebellion” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. A protest against turning to natural fiber.B. An objection to upcycling old clothing.C. A struggle for a sustainable fashion industry.D. A resistance to vibrant colors in natural dyeing.15. What would be the most suitable title for the passage?A. The Environmental Impact of Natural DyeingB. Fashion Revolution’s Dye Garden PresentationC. The Return of Natural Dyeing with Ethical AppealD. The Petrochemical Dye Industry and Its Challenges【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍天然染色工艺的回归。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s unlikely, though, that the practice would have caught on in quite the same way if not for a continually growing discomfort about fashion’s heavy footprint. From carbon emissions to animal cruelty, fashion is under considerable inspection. (然而，如果不是因为人们对时尚的沉重足迹不断感到不安，这种做法不太可能以同样的方式流行起来。从碳排放到虐待动物，时尚都受到了广泛的关注。)”可知，时尚业也存在碳排放到虐待动物问题，所以人们感到不适是因为时尚产业令人不安的后果。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Fashion is a huge polluter. According to the UN Environment Program, the industry is responsible for up to one-fifth of all industrial water pollution — due to the fact that most clothes today are produced in poorer countries where regulation is weak and enforcement weaker still. Waste water is dumped directly into rivers and streams, poisoning the land as well as the water sources of people and animals who rely on them. (时尚是一个巨大的污染源。根据联合国环境规划署的数据，该行业造成了高达五分之一的工业水污染，因为目前大多数服装都是在监管薄弱、执法力度更弱的贫穷国家生产的。废水被直接倾倒到河流和溪流中，毒害了土地以及依赖它们的人和动物的水源。)”可知，这一段利用实际例子来说明时尚是一个巨大的污染源。故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“It’s easy to see why someone who cares about people, planet and animals, as well as clothes, might turn to natural plant dyeing. From the beauty of the raw materials-often wild plants-to the property of only bonding with natural fiber like cotton and linen, from the minor footprint of upclycling old clothing that has grayed or faded over time to the vibrant and long-lasting dyeing results, plant dyeing feels like a quiet act of rebellion. (很容易理解为什么一个关心人、地球、动物以及衣服的人会转向天然植物染色。从原料的美丽（通常是野生植物）到只与棉花和亚麻等天然纤维结合的特性，从随着时间的推移变灰或褪色的旧衣服的微小足迹到充满活力和持久的染色效果，植物染色感觉就像是a quiet act of rebellion。)”可知，这里是描述指物染色和化学染色不一样，所以它是对化学染色的反抗，是对可持续发展的维护。a quiet act of rebellion的意思应该是“为可持续发展而做的斗争”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“In 2022, campaign group Fashion Revolution Chelsea dye garden for its Chelsea Flower Show presentation. An ancient craft, natural dyeing is a practice whose time has come again, with hand tie-dyed fashion also making a comeback in recent years. (2022年，时尚革命运动组织切尔西染料花园在切尔西花展上亮相。天然染色是一种古老的工艺，它的时代又来了，近年来手工扎染的时尚也卷土重来。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍天然染色工艺的回归，C项“天然染色的回归与伦理诉求”符合文意。故选C。第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5 分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some pals and I were in the midst of a pinball competition at a bar the other night when the machine kept breaking down. We called over a very busy employee who’s responsible for helping keep the place running. He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinball machine twice.____16____A couple of the guys immediately objected, saying the employee was just doing the job he was paid to do. I insisted and got the group to agree to the plan, although somewhat reluctantly. My pinball wizard didn’t stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered?____17____There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say they’re sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey. ____18____I admit there are times I suspect the tipping thing has gone too far - say, when I’m at a self-checkout line and there’s still request to leave something extra. But I’m generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, I’ll assume they have financial reasons to do so. ____19____Plus, tipping is good karma (因果报应). It’s always worth it to tip in unexpected situations- ones that don’t necessarily involve a hint on a payment screen. ____20____He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play. So next time, there must be no arguments with my friends when times come to tip.A. This leads to what’s been called ”tipping fatigue (疲劳)”B. So, why am I willing to go against the trend and say yes?C. I suggested we tip him $10 and split the tip among all of us.D. There’s an argument that we should ban tipping altogether.E. Guess what happened next with my pinball-machine fixer at the bar?F. One dollar or two won’t make or break me, but it can possibly help with their rent.G. Should they earn far below the minimum wage, employers must make up the difference.【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. F 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友一天晚上去酒吧玩弹球游戏，结果弹球机坏了，工人来给他们修理弹球机的时候，作者想要支付修理工小费，但是他的同伴们并不同意。由此事引发了作者对于支付小费问题的看法。【16题详解】上文“He put everything aside to fix our problematic pinball machine twice. (他把一切都放在一边，两次修理我们有问题的弹球机)”以及下文“A couple of the guys immediately objected, saying the employee was just doing the job he was paid to do. (几个人立即表示反对，说这名员工只是在做他应得的工作)”说明维修人员给作者他们修理弹球机。空处承上启下，C项中的“him”指代上文中的修理工，下文中的“几个人立即反对的是作者前面提到的建议”。C项“我建议我们给他10美元小费，然后把小费分给我们所有人。”符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】上文“My pinball wizard didn’t stretch out his hand, but how many times have we run across those payment screens that suggest a 20% tip for being handed a sandwich we ordered? (我的弹球高手并没有伸出手来，但是我们有多少次碰到过这样的付款屏幕，上面显示给我们点的三明治20% 的小费？)”说明作者他们觉得付的小费并不合理。空处和前文为因果关系，说明人们觉得小费不合理导致的结果就是人们对给小费感觉到疲劳。A项中的This指代前文“人们觉得没有必要给小费”这件事”。故选A。【18题详解】上文“There is data to back up the trend: 66% of American adults have a negative view of tipping, and 32% say they’re sick of those payment-screen hints, according to a recent Bankrate survey. (有数据支持这一趋势：根据 Bankrate 最近的一项调查，66% 的美国成年人对小费持负面看法，32% 的人说他们厌倦了付款屏幕上的暗示)”说明人们不愿给小费已经成为了一种趋势。下文“I admit there are times I suspect the tipping thing has gone too far - say, when I’m at a self-checkout line and there’s still request to leave something extra.(但是我一般都会谨慎行事：如果有人想要小费，我会假设他们是出于经济原因这样做的)”说明作者原意给小费的理由。空处承接上文引出下文。B项中的“I willing to go against the trend ”和上文“There is data to back up the trend”相呼应，并引出作者原意违反这一趋势的原因。故选B。【19题详解】上文“But I’m generally willing to err on the side of caution: If someone is expecting a tip, I’ll assume they have financial reasons to do so. (但是我一般都会谨慎行事: 如果有人想要小费，我会假设他们是出于经济原因这样做的)”说明有人想要小费是有原因的。空处承接上文，表明小费对于他们的重要性。F项“一两块钱不能决定我的成败，但也许能帮他们付房租。”符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】下文“He was so grateful for the $10 tip that later that night, he rewarded our group with well more than $10 in free tokens (代金券) for future play. (他非常感激那10美元的小费，那天晚上晚些时候，他奖励了我们小组10美元以上的免费代币，以备将来玩耍之用)”说明付小费也会得到回报。空处引出下文，说明作者想让人们看到给小费所得到的回报。E项“猜猜接下来我的弹球机修理工在酒吧发生了什么？”符合语境。故选E。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was 19, I was in a really bad car accident. I woke up with a severe___21___injury and I learned that my IQ had dropped. Worse still, I had to___22___ from college, and people said to me, “You’re not going to finish college. There are other things for you to do, but that’s not going to work out for you.” I had identified with being smart, and had been called___23___as a child. Having my ___24___taken from me, I felt entirely___25___.I worked and worked, and___26___graduated from college, which took me four years longer than others. After that, I applied to a graduate program and___27___someone, my advisor Susan to take me on, and so I ___28___at Princeton. I still felt I was not supposed to be there. The night before my first-year ___29___I was so afraid that I called her and said, “I’m____30____” She said, “You’re going to stay, and this is what you’re going to do. You are going to____31____it and do every talk that you ever get asked to do, even if you’re____32____ until you have this moment where you say, ‘Oh my gosh, I’m doing it. I have become this.’”So that’s what I did. I spent five years in graduate school and got my degree. Now I am a public speaker. I realized that I had not just faked it till I made it, I had faked it till ____33____it. Our____34____can change our behavior, and our behavior can change our ____35____.21. A. faceB. headC. backD. skin22. A. withdrawB. graduateC. escapeD. return23. A. patientB. reservedC. giftedD. diligent24. A. moodB. dreamC. careerD. identity25. A. cheerfulB. powerlessC. indifferentD. optimistic26. A. suddenlyB. naturallyC. eventuallyD. reluctantly27. A. convincedB. remindedC. instructedD. allowed28. A. drop outB. end upC. start overD. fall behind29. A. examB. interviewC. receptionD. talk30. A. stayingB. leavingC. quittingD. dreaming31. A. fakeB. practiceC. recallD. ignore32. A. discouragedB. inspiredC. enlightenedD. terrified33. A. failedB. becameC. forgotD. cherished34. A. lessonsB. experienceC. insightD. minds35. A. outcomesB. beliefsC. personalityD. talent【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经历车祸后，克服困难，坚持学习，最终成为公众演说家，强调思想和行为能改变结果。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我醒来时头部严重受伤，我知道我的智商下降了。A. face脸；B. head头；C. back背；D. skin皮肤。根据下文“I learned that my IQ had dropped”可知，作者由于车祸而导致智商下降，由此可推测，作者是头部受伤。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我不得不从大学退学，人们对我说：“你不可能完成大学学业。你还有其他事情要做，但那对你来说不会有效果。”A. withdraw撤回；B. graduate毕业；C. escape逃避；D. return返回。根据上文“I learned that my IQ had dropped”可知，作者智商下降；而结合下文“You’re not going to finish college.”可知，作者是从大学退学。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被认为是聪明的，小时候被成为有天赋的孩子。A. patient耐心的；B. reserved保留的、含蓄的；C. gifted有天赋的；D. diligent勤奋的。根据上文“I had identified with being smart”可推测，作者从小被认为很聪明，由此可知，作者幼时被称为有天赋的孩子。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身份被剥夺了，我感到完全无力。A. mood情绪；B. dream梦想；C. career职业；D. identity身份。根据上文可知，作者从小很聪明，但是由于车祸，作者智商下降，不得不从大学退学，由此可知，作者感觉自己所拥有的一切都被剥夺了。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的身份被剥夺了，我感到完全无力。A. cheerful开心的；B. powerless无力的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据上文可知，作者原本很聪明在上大学，突然遭遇车祸，智商下降，不得不退学。由此可知，作者此时感到无力。故选B。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我学了又学，最后大学毕业了，这比别人多花了四年时间。A. suddenly突然；B. naturally自然而然地；C. eventually最终；D. reluctantly勉强地。根据上文“I worked and worked”可知，作者比别人多学了四年后终于大学毕业了。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我申请了一个研究生项目，并说服了我的导师Susan录取了我，所以我最终进入了普林斯顿大学。A. convinced劝服、使相信；B. reminded提醒；C. instructed指导；D. allowed允许。根据上文“After that, I applied to a graduate program”以及下文“I was so afraid that I called her and said, “I’m___10___””可推测，作者是说服了导师Susan录取了自己。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我申请了一个研究生项目，并说服了我的导师Susan录取了我，所以我最终进入了普林斯顿大学。A. drop out退学；B. end up结束；C. start over重新开始；D. fall behind落后。根据上文“After that, I applied to a graduate program and___7___someone, my advisor Susan to take me on,”可知，作者被自己的导师Susan录取，最终被普林斯顿大学录取。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我第一年演讲的前一天晚上，我非常害怕，我打电话给她说：“我想放弃。”A. exam考试；B. interview采访；C. reception接待；D. talk谈话、演讲。根据下文“do every talk that you ever get asked to do”可知，作者是要进行第一学年的演讲。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我第一年演讲的前一天晚上，我非常害怕，我打电话给她说：“我想放弃。” A. staying保持；B. leaving离开；C. quitting停止；D. dreaming梦想。根据下文“You’re going to stay, and this is what you’re going to do.”可知，作者是在演讲前晚打了退堂鼓，想放弃演讲，而老师则鼓励作者继续下去。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你要留下来，这就是你要做的。你要装出来，做每一个你被要求做的演讲，即使你很害怕，直到你说，‘哦，我的天哪，我在做。我成了这样。’”A. fake造假；B. practice练习；C. recall回忆；D. ignore忽视。根据下文“I realized that I had not just faked it till I made it, I had faked it till ___13___it.”可知，作者的老师希望作者假装做演讲直到自己完成演讲。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你要留下来，这就是你要做的。你要装出来，做每一个你被要求做的演讲，即使你很害怕，直到你说，‘哦，我的天哪，我在做。我成了这样。’”A. discouraged沮丧的；B. inspired受到激励的；C. enlightened开明的；D. terrified害怕的。根据空前的“even if”以及上文作者曾经想放弃演讲可知，作者是因为感到害怕才想放弃。而导师则希望作者即便害怕，也要假装无所畏惧。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，在我成功之前我不只是假装成为演讲家，我一直假装做这件事，直到成为一名演讲家。A. failed失败；B. became成为；C. forgot忘记；D. cherished重视。根据上文“So that’s what I did. I spent five years in graduate school and got my degree. Now I am a public speaker.”可知，作者听从导师的建议，一路假装竟然成为了演讲家，由此可知，作者的意思是一路假装，作者已经取得了成功。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的思想可以改变我们的行为，而我们的行为可以改变我们的结果。A. lessons教训；B. experience经历、经验；C. insight洞察力；D. minds头脑、精神、想法。根据上文内容可知，作者的导师希望作者在害怕的时候也能进行心理暗示，假装自己可以。而作者通过这样的方法，成为了一个演讲家，取得了成功。由此可知，作者认为我们的思想可以改变我们行为。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的思想可以改变我们的行为，而我们的行为可以改变我们的结果。A. outcomes结果；B. beliefs信念；C. personality个性；D. talent才能。根据上文可知，作者通过不断的心理暗示，告诉自己可以做；而有了这样的思想，我们改变了自己的行为，而最终取得了好的结果。由此可推测，作者认为我们的行为可以改变我们的结果。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The first time I entered the busy Chinese hotpot restaurant, I was immediately impressed by the delicious smells and lively chatter. The waiter handed me a menu, but it was predominantly written in Chinese, ___36___characters were completely beyond my comprehension. With some hesitation, I decided to take ___37___leap of faith and pointed at a few items on the menu that looked ___38___(invite). As the bubbling pot was set ___39___(boil), I watched with fascination as the waiter poured a fragrant broth (肉汤) into it. ___40___(mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and other mysterious spices, the pot released a mouthwatering aroma into the air. The moment of truth came ___41___I tentatively dipped my chopsticks into the broth and added a slice of thinly sliced beef and a handful of vegetables. The first bite was an ___42___(explode) of flavors. The numbing sensation from the Sichuan peppercorns danced on my tongue, and I understood the reason for the restaurant’s name, “Spicy Heaven.”I continued to experiment, trying various ingredients and___43___(marvel) at not only the food, but also the adventure, the___44___(delight) surprise of a world of flavors in a single bubbling pot. ____45____my limited knowledge of the Chinese language, I laughed with my newfound friends and shared stories.【答案】36. whose 37. a 38. inviting 39. to boil 40. Mixed 41. aswhen42. explosion 43. marvelledmarveled44. delightful 45. With【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己在四川吃火锅的经历。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：服务员递给我一份菜单，但上面写的大部分是中文，我完全看不懂。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词menu，其与characters是所属关系，关系词替代先行词从句中作定语，用关系代词whose，故填whose。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：我犹豫了一下，决定大胆尝试一下，指着菜单上几样看起来很诱人的菜。take a leap of faith“信心剧增”，是固定短语。故填a。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。look是系动词，接形容词inviting“诱人的”作表语，故填inviting。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当沸腾的锅被烧开时，我着迷地看着服务员往锅里倒了一锅香味扑鼻的汤。be set to do sth.“准备好将要做某事”，此处用不定式形式，故填to boil。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：混合着辣椒、花椒和其他神秘的香料，锅中散发出令人垂涎的香气。分析句子可知，“(mix) with chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and other mysterious spices”作状语，非谓语动词mix与逻辑主语the pot是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填Mixed。【41题详解】考查从属连词。句意：当我试探性地把筷子伸进汤里，加了一片切得很薄的牛肉片和一把蔬菜，关键时刻来了。分析句子可知，此处用从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，用as或者when，谓语dip不是延续性动词，不可用while，故填as/when。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：第一口是味道的爆炸。不定冠词修饰单词名词，故填explosion。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我继续尝试，尝试各种食材，不仅对食物，而且对这种冒险经历，这种一个冒泡的锅里的世界风味的惊喜感到惊奇。分析句子可知，marvel与continued并列作谓语，用一般过去时，故填marvelled/marveled。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词surprise用修饰物的形容词delightful“令人喜欢的”作定语，故填delightful。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：用我的中文知识有限，我和我的新朋友们一起大笑，分享故事。分析句子并根据句意可知，用介词with“拥有”构成介词短语作状语，故填With。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节 应用文写作(满分 15 分)46. 假如你是李华，正在主持学校英语戏剧表演大赛(English Play Contest)的颁奖活动，请为获得第一名的Darcy团队的戏剧表演写一则颁奖词, 内容包括:1. 表示祝贺；2. 获奖原因。注意: 1, 写作词数应为100左右;Dear all, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear all, I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to Darcy team for winning the first prize in the English Play Contest. Your performanceleft a good impression on others due to outstanding acting, storyline, and stage design. The creativity, harmony, and professionalism shown were remarkable. You created emotional resonance with the audience. Your hard work, team spirit, and talent set a high bar for all. Thanks to everyone involved. Let’s look forward to more inspiring performances in the future. Congratulations again to Darcy team!【解析】【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生为获得第一名的Darcy团队的戏剧表演写一则颁奖词。【详解】1. 词汇积累表示祝贺：extend congratulationsexpress congratulations出色的：outstandingexcellent表演：actingperformance鼓舞人心的：inspiringencouraging2. 句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Thanks to everyone involved.拓展句：Thanks to everyone involved, who contributed to creating an exceptional and remarkable production.【点睛】[高分句型1]I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to Darcy team for winning the first prize in the English Play Contest.(不定式和动名词作宾语)[高分句型2]Let’s look forward to more inspiring performances in the future.(祈使句)第二节(满分 25 分)47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lily was renowned for her desire to achieve perfection in everything she undertook. Whether it was school projects, art assignments, or even helping her parents with household chores, Lily’s commitment to excellence was unwavering. One sunny summer day, Lily’s family decided to spend a day at the beach. As they arrived, Lily’s eyes were immediately drawn by a group of children who playfully built and then tore down their sandcastles. They giggled and shouted, their excitement on full display. “How silly, ” she thought, not quite getting why they enjoyed doing that. Lily, being herself, decided to build a perfect sandcastle that would become the envy of all beachgoers. She began to plan every detail in her mind, from the balanced structures of the towers to the delicate decorations. Then, she set about piling sand to make the towers and walls of her sandcastle. Painstakingly, she crafted each feature of her work, carefully smoothed the surfaces and adjusting every detail to her vision. Jake, Lily’s younger brother, didn’t seem too concerned with building a fantastic sandcastle. He picked a spot nearby and amused himself with the sand. He scooped up handfuls of sand, let it slip through his fingers like grains of time, and then molded it into careless shapes with the carefree abandon of a child. Jake’s happiness was contagious. Mom and Dad joined him, laughing and joking over Jake’s playful creations. From time to time, they called out to Lily and invited her to join the fun, knowing that the pursuit of perfection could be exhausting. Nevertheless, Lily stayed where she was, determined to create an impressive sandcastle. She frowned at Jake’s unconventional, abstract art-like sandcastle shapes and persisted in her efforts. However, the process didn’t go as smoothly as she had anticipated. The sand didn’t always hold its shape, and the waves constantly lapped at the edges of her creation. Para 1: As the day wore on, Lily’s sandcastle kept losing its form. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para 2: With bitter smile, Lily decided to join her family. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】As the day wore on, Lily’s sandcastle kept losing its form. Despite her best efforts to mold and shape the sand, the waves and the wind seemed determined to undo her hard work. Frustration started to creep in as she watched her masterpiece crumble time and time again. Determined not to give up, Lily redoubled her efforts, trying to salvage what was left of her sandcastle. But no matter how hard she tried, the elements seemed to conspire against her. The once-perfect sandcastle now resembled a lopsided ruin, a stark reminder of her failed attempt at perfection.With bitter smile, Lily decided to join her family. Sitting down next to Jake, she observed his carefree laughter and the joy on her parents’ faces. For the first time that day, she realized that perhaps there was more to life than striving for perfection. In that moment, Lily made a choice. She let go of her obsession with the sandcastle and joined in the fun. She laughed, played, and created sandcastles without the burden of expectations. It was in that moment that she truly began to understand the beauty of imperfection and the importance of enjoying the simple things in life.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lily在海滩上建造沙堡的经历，并对比了她追求完美主义和弟弟Jake享受快乐的态度。通过这个故事，作者表达了接受并欣赏生活中的不完美和欢乐的重要性。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“随着时间的流逝，Lily的沙堡逐渐失去了形状。”以及第二段首句内容“带着苦涩的微笑，Lily决定加入她的家人。”可知，第一段可描写虽然Lily一直在努力，但是却阻止不了自己的沙堡被海浪毁了。由第二段首句内容“带着苦涩的微笑，Lily决定加入她的家人。”可知，第二段可描写Lily和家人堆沙堡时终于感悟到不完美也是快乐的。2.续写线索：Lily是个追求完美的女孩——一天，全家一起去海滩玩——Lily看到一群孩子在推沙堡，然后又拆掉沙堡——Lily对此嗤之以鼻，决定堆一个完美的沙堡——Lily的弟弟Jake也漫不经心地开始玩沙子，随心所欲地将沙子塑造成各种样子——Lily努力堆着沙堡，可是海浪总是拍打着沙堡——Lily终于放弃了，加入了家人——没有了追求完美的压力，Lily终于开始真正享受玩沙子3.词汇激活行为类决定做某事：be determined to/decide to do放弃：give up/abandon努力：try/make every effort情绪类沮丧：frustration/defeat开心：joy/delight【点睛】【高分句型1】Determined not to give up, Lily redoubled her efforts, trying to salvage what was left of her sandcastle.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）【高分句型2】For the first time that day, she realized that perhaps there was more to life than striving for perfection.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）1—5 CBACC 6—10 CABBC 11—15 AACAB 16—20 BCBAA