专题32 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空（解析版）

三年（2022-2024）中考英语真题分项汇编（全国通用）专题32 短文填空 考点1 首字母填空(2024中考真题）（2024天津中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p 1 them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’.These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e 2 for them. They had to move from place to place to s 3 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a 4 to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u 5 they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c 6 their bodies.However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g 7 in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a 8 for milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l 10 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的).【答案】1．(p)rotect 2．(e)asy 3．(s)earch 4．(a)nything 5．(u)ntil 6．(c)over 7．(g)rew 8．(a)nimals 9．(f)armers 10．(l)arger【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。1．句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p...them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。2．句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e... for them.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。3．句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had to move from place to place to s... for food.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。4．句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they couldn’t find a... to eat, they would leave to find another proper place.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。5．句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) food u... they learnt how to make a fire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。6．句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c... their bodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。7．句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g... in the forests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。8．句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a... for milk, meat and skins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“other kinds of”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。9．句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became f... and lived in only one certain area.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。10．句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their groups became l... than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。（2024山东东营中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。Bear was busy making pies. When he woke up in spring, he would need them.“Oh no!” cried Bear. “The berries (莓) have run out. I must pick some more.”Bear went to find more berries. He walked till his foot ached, but he didn’t find any berries n 11 his home.So he decided to go deeper into the forest to look for berries. As he walked along, he felt very h 12 . He had been so busy cooking that he had eaten nothing all day.As be walked, Bear met bis friend Raccoon.“Do you have say berries for me?” asked Bear.“Sorry, but I can g 13 you some apples.” said Raccoon.“Your apples are too sour.” said Bear.Soon Bear met Squirrel.“Do you have any berries for me?” asked Bear.“No,” said Squirrel. “But I have some walnuts (核桃). You can have some.”“Thank you.” said Bear. “But I do not w 14 walnuts in my pies. I will keep searching for berries.”After a lot of effort, Bear realized that there were no berries left.Suddenly, snow began to fall. Bear raced home. Then he jumped into bed. B 15 he could not sleep. He was so hungry.“Oh dear.” said Bear. I will have to eat my pies. But if so, I will have n 16 for spring. Bear was too hungry to worry about it. He ate up all the pies u 17 he felt full at last. Soon he was fast asleep. Bear slept for many months.Spring came. Bear w 18 up. He was very, very hungry.Just then, Raccoon and Squirrel came. They were each holding a pie.“Those pies smell delicious.” said Bear.“Oh. I don’t think you would like my sour apple pie.” said Raccoon.“And I am sure you wouldn’t like my walnut pie.” said Squirrel.When Bear opened his mouth to speak, Raccoon put some apple pie in Bear’s m 19 .“Yum, this is good!” cried Bear.Squirrel gave Bear some walnut pie.“Wow, walnut pie is great, t 20 ,” said Bear.“Aren’t you glad we educated you about pies?” said Squirrel.“I am.” Bear said. “My next pies will have new fillings (馅).”【答案】11．(n)ear 12．(h)ungry 13．(g)ive 14．(w)ant 15．(B)ut 16．(n)othing 17．(u)ntil 18．(w)oke 19．(m)outh 20．(t)oo【导语】本文主要介绍了熊忙着做馅饼，但是不小心在冬眠前把它们吃光了，最后朋友们带来新口味的馅饼，这让他感到满足和感激。11．句意：他一直走到脚痛，但在家附近没有发现任何浆果。根据“didn’t find any berries...his home”可知在他家附近没有发现浆果，near“在附近”。故填(n)ear。12．句意：他边走边觉得很饿。根据“He had been so busy cooking that he had eaten nothing all day.”可知他什么都没吃，所以很饿，hungry“饿的”。故填(h)ungry。13．句意：我可以给你一些苹果。根据“you some apples”可知是给你一些苹果，give“给”，情态动词后加动词原形。故填(g)ive。14．句意：但我不想在馅饼里放核桃。根据“But I do not...walnuts in my pies”可知是不想在馅饼里放核桃，want“想要”，助动词do not后加动词原形。故填(w)ant。15．句意：但是他睡不着。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故填(B)ut。16．句意：但如果这样的话，我将度过一个一无所有的春天。根据“I will have to eat my pies”可知如果把馅饼吃了，春天就什么也没有了，nothing“没有什么”。故填(n)othing。17．句意：他把所有的馅饼都吃光了，直到他终于觉得饱了为止。根据“He ate up all the pies...he felt full at last.”可知是吃完了所有的馅饼，直到他吃饱了，until“直到”。故填(u)ntil。18．句意：熊醒了。根据“Bear slept for many months.”可知他从冬眠中醒来，wake up“醒来”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(w)oke。19．句意：浣熊往熊的嘴里塞了一些苹果馅饼。根据“Raccoon put some apple pie in Bear’s...”可知是在嘴巴里放一些苹果馅饼，mouth“嘴巴”，此处用名词单数形式，指熊的嘴巴。故填(m)outh。20．句意：核桃馅饼也很棒。根据“walnut pie is great”可知核桃馅饼也很美味，肯定句句尾用too。故填(t)oo。（2024江苏连云港中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。Community connects us with each other. A community is a p 21 where people live, work and play together. It’s just like a school, where s 22 help each other to learn. People in a community h 23 one another, too. People in a community have different skills. They often help neighbors s 24 all kinds of problems. For example, sometimes people do not feel well. The d 25 and nurses will make them feel better. There are also some engineers. They may help people f 26 their broken bicycles or washing machines. When people don’t know what to wear to a party or how to design their homes, the artists will give them some a 27 .Some college students work as volunteers in their s 28 time. They often do some cleaning for the old people and help students with their h 29 .Community is not a building or an organization. It is like a big f 30 . Members of a community have a sense of trust, safety and caring for each other.【答案】21．(p)lace 22．(s)tudents 23．(h)elp 24．(s)olve 25．(d)octors 26．(f)ix 27．(a)dvice 28．(s)pare 29．(h)omework 30．(f)amily【导语】本文介绍了社区将人们紧密联系在一起，社区的人们互助友爱，就像一个大家庭。21．句意：社区是人们一起生活、工作和娱乐的地方。根据首字母及“A community is a…where people live, work and play together.”可知，社区是人们生活、工作和娱乐的地方。place“地方”，名词，冠词a后用其单数形式。故填(p)lace。22．句意：这就像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。根据首字母及“It’s just like a school”可知，社区像一所学校，学生们互相帮助学习。student“学生”，名词，help是动词原形，故名词应用复数形式。故填(s)tudents。23．句意：社区里的人也会互相帮助。根据首字母及“…help each other to learn. People in a community…one another, too.”可知，此处指社区中的人们互相帮助。help“帮助”，动词。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填(h)elp。24．句意：他们经常帮助邻居解决各种各样的问题。根据首字母及“all kinds of problems”可知，此处指解决问题。solve“解决”，动词。help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(s)olve。25．句意：医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。根据首字母及“For example, sometimes people do not feel well”可知，人们感到不舒服时，医生和护士会让他们感觉好些。doctor“医生”，可数名词，此处应用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)octors。26．句意：他们可以帮助人们修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。根据首字母及“their broken bicycles or washing machines”可知，此处指修理坏了的自行车或洗衣机。fix“修理”，动词。help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，动词用其原形。故填(f)ix。27．句意：当人们不知道穿什么去参加聚会或如何设计他们的家时，艺术家会给他们一些建议。根据首字母及“the artists will give them some…”可知，此处指艺术家会给出建议。advice“建议”，不可数名词，作动词宾语。故填(a)dvice。28．句意：一些大学生在业余时间做志愿者。根据首字母及“Some college students work as volunteers in their…time.”可知，此处指大学生在业余时间做志愿者。spare“空闲的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词time。故填(s)pare。29．句意：他们经常为老人打扫卫生，帮助学生做作业。根据首字母及“and help students with their…”可知，此处指大学生会帮助学生们做作业。homework“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)omework。30．句意：它就像一个大家庭。根据首字母及“It is like a big…”可知，此处指社区就像一个大家庭。family“家庭”，可数名词，被a修饰，用其单数形式。故填(f)amily。（2024江苏扬州中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 31 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 32 them.Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 33 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 34 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 35 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen?One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 36 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought.She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 37 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 38 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 39 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 40 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle.【答案】31．(b)ottle 32．(i)roned 33．(p)ractice 34．(b)ut 35．(s)till 36．(c)arefully 37．(r)eal 38．(e)xactly 39．(h)usband 40．(u)nderstood【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。31．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle.”可知是一个玻璃瓶，a后加可数名词单数bottle“瓶子”。故填(b)ottle。32．句意：她在爷爷的牛仔裤上撒上淀粉，把它们挂在椅子上几分钟，然后熨好。 根据“my grandmother would iron his work clothes”可知奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，iron“熨烫”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)roned。33．句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始质疑这种做法。根据“I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this”可知作者开始怀疑熨烫衣服的通常的做法，this后加可数名词单数practice“常规”。故填(p)ractice。34．句意：大多数时候，除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人。根据“he never saw anyone...me and maybe a few other farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。35．句意：为什么祖母仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服？根据“devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇为什么奶奶仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。36．句意：那天晚些时候，我仔细地看着爷爷。根据“looked...at Grandfather”可知是仔细观察爷爷，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。37．句意：我记得他长着真牙的时候。根据“He was short and fat with false teeth”可知现在爷爷戴着假牙，但是奶奶记得爷爷长着真牙的时候，修饰名词用形容词real“真的”。故填(r)eal。38．句意：它们与太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同。根据“the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down.”可知爷爷眼睛的颜色和太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同，故此处用副词exactly“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。39．句意：我想让全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美丽的男人。根据“as the most beautiful man”可知奶奶想让全世界都把她的丈夫当作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。40．句意：我大概30岁的时候才明白真正的美丽是什么。根据“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美丽是什么，understand“理解”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(u)nderstood。(2023中考真题） （2023山东东营统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。My parents got Arthur’s Family Laundromat (洗衣店) from my grandfather. It was a true family business. My father, my mother and my aunt were responsible for different jobs. E 1 my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then. My father said that the most important machine in the Laundromat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the coffee pot by the door. The coffee was free and almost every c 2 would have a cup and chat with my family while waiting for their clean clothes. In the hours a 3 school or on weekends, it was my job to keep the coffee pot full. At least ten times each day, I would clean up the wet coffee grounds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g of coffee beans, fill the pot with water, and turn on the coffee machine. It was such a b 4 job that I could have done it in my sleep. I remember complaining one busy day. “W 5 do we have to give away coffee? We’re a Laundromat, not a coffee shop!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he s 6 what he was doing to talk to me. With a patient but serious expression on his f 7 he spoke: “Son, people choose our laundromat b 8 we serve them like friends. We offer them a cup of coffee. We chat with them, laugh with them and connect with them. People don’t just need a p 9 to clean their clothes. They need friendship. That is why your job is the most important job in the laundromat.”My father’s words had the expected effect. From then on, I do the job more c 10 . After all, I had the most important job in the laundromat.【答案】(E)ven 2．(c)ustomer 3．(a)fter 4．(b)oring 5．(W)hy 6．(s)topped 7．(f)ace 8．(b)ecause 9．(p)lace 10．(c)arefully【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家的洗衣店提供免费咖啡，作者一开始向父亲抱怨，不明白为什么洗衣店要提供免费的咖啡，理解了父亲的意图之后，认真对待冲泡咖啡的工作。1．句意：就连我退休的祖父也偶尔帮忙打扫。根据“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休的) grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then.”可知，此处强调甚至退休的祖父也在帮忙打扫，even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。2．句意：咖啡是免费的，几乎每个顾客都会在等待干净衣服的时候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根据“waiting for their clean clothes”可知，顾客在等待干净的衣服时会和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，customer“顾客”，根据every可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(c)ustomer。3．句意：在放学后或周末的几个小时里，我的工作就是让咖啡壶保持满满的。根据“school or on weekends”及首字母可知，此处指在放学后或在周末，after school“放学后”，故填(a)fter。4．句意：这是一件很无聊的工作，我睡觉的时候都能做。根据“job that I could have done it in my sleep”及首字母可知，在睡觉的时候能做，说明它是一份很无聊的工作，boring“无聊的”，故填(b)oring。5．句意：我们为什么要送咖啡？根据“We’re a Laundromat, not a coffee shop”可知，作者认为这是一个洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂为什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。6．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我说话。根据“what he was doing to talk to me”及首字母可知，父亲停止了手里的工作，而来跟作者说话，stop“停止”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填(s)topped。7．句意：他脸上带着一种耐心而严肃的表情说。根据“With a patient but serious expression on his”及首字母可知，脸上出现了一种耐心而严肃的表情，face“脸”，故填(f)ace。8．句意：孩子，人们选择我们的洗衣店是因为我们像朋友一样服务他们。空格后“we serve them like friends”是解释人们选择作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。9．句意：人们需要的不仅仅是洗衣服的地方。根据“People don’t just need a … to clean their clothes.”及首字母可知，不需要仅仅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填(p)lace。10．句意：从那时起，我更认真地做这项工作。根据“After all, I had the most important job in the laundromat”可知，听到了父亲的一席话，作者工作得更加认真了，此处副词修饰动词，carefully“认真地”，故填(c)arefully。（2023江苏徐州中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。Ali has worked and lived in Shandong Province for almost six years. When his friends suggested g 11 to Rizhao for a two-day trip, the first things that came into his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafood. Rizhao certainly goes b 12 that! It is also “hometown of green tea” in northern China. Rizhao l 13 in the southeast of Shandong Province near the Yellow Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich soil, and enough sunlight. All these make it s 14 for growing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance to pick tea leaves for the first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned about Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting experience for me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile on his f 15 .【答案】11．(g)oing 12．(b)eyond 13．(l)ies 14．(s)pecial 15．(f)ace【导语】本文介绍了阿里将去山东日照旅行，日照作为中国北方的“绿茶之乡”，其气候和地理位置非常适合种植高品质茶叶。11．句意：当他的朋友建议去日照进行两天的旅行时，他首先想到的是日照美丽的海滩和美味的海鲜。根据首字母及“When his friends suggested…to Rizhao for a two-day trip”可知，此处指去日照。go“去”，动词。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填(g)oing。12．句意：日照当然不止于此！根据首字母及“its beautiful beaches and nice seafood”及“It is also ‘hometown of green tea’ in northern China.”可知，日照不仅有美丽的海滩、美味的海鲜，还被称为“绿茶之乡”，此处应为短语go beyond“超越”。故填(b)eyond。13．句意：日照位于山东省东南部，濒临黄海。根据首字母及“Rizhao…in the southeast of Shandong Province”可知，此处介绍日照的地理位置。lie in“位于”。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(l)ies。14．句意：所有这些都使它特别适合种植高品质的绿茶。根据首字母及“It has pleasant weather, rich soil, and enough sunlight. All these make it…for growing high-quality green tea.”可知，日照的气候和地质使其特别适合种植高品质绿茶。special“特别的”，形容词，作宾补。故填(s)pecial。15．句意：“这是我第一次了解中国茶文化。这对我来说是一次新的、激动人心的经历。太棒了！”阿里笑着说。根据首字母及“Ali said with a smile on his…”可知，阿里的脸上带着笑容。face“脸”，名词，由“his”可知，用其单数形式。故填(f)ace。（2023广东广州统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。Today is Duanwu Jie, or Dragon Boat Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. Chinese people r 16 the great patriotic poet (爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rowing dragon boats and making zongzi on this day.My village is famous for its great protection of traditional c 17 and we have the best dragon boat race team of the city. Every year, villagers raise our dragon boats from under the river about a month before the festival. And then it is c 18 cleaned and repainted. Our dragon boat is already 40 years old. Made of a special kind of wood, it is still strong enough to l 19 for a long time.This year, my elder brother is accepted into our dragon boat race team as its youngest member. He’s only 18, and I’m so p 20 of him.【答案】16．(r)emember 17．(c)ulture/(c)ustoms 18．(c)arefully/(c)ompletely/(c)autiously 19．(l)ast 20．(p)roud【导语】本文主要介绍了端午节的庆祝活动以及作者村庄每年都会赛龙舟。16．句意：中国人民在这一天划龙舟、包粽子，纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。根据“great patriotic poet (爱国诗人) QuYuan by rowing dragon boats and making zongzi on this day.”可知是指人们通过这些方式纪念屈原，remember“纪念”，是动词，此处是描述事实，应用一般现在时，主语是people，动词用原形，故填(r)emember。17．句意：我的村庄以其对传统文化/习俗/仪式的保护而闻名，我们有全市最好的龙舟队。根据“My village is famous for its great protection of traditional”和首字母可知，此处可以指传统文化也可以指传统习俗。culture“文化”，此处是不可数名词；custom“习俗”，此处名词用复数。故填(c)ulture/(c)ustoms。18．句意：然后仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。根据“Every year, villagers raise our dragon boats from under the river about a month before the festival.”可知每年端午节前一个月左右，村民们就会把龙舟从河底升起，结合首字母可知，然后应该是要仔细/彻底/小心地清洗并重新粉刷。carefully“仔细地”，completely“完全地”，cautiously“小心地”，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully/(c)ompletely/(c)autiously。19．句意：它由一种特殊的木材制成，仍然足够坚固，可以使用很长时间。根据“Made of a special kind of wood”可知龙舟是由一种特殊的木材制成，很坚固，可以持续使用很长时间。last“持续”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填(l)ast。20．句意：他才18岁，我为他感到骄傲。根据“This year, my elder brother is accepted into our dragon boat race team as its youngest member”结合首字母可知，此处是固定短语be proud of“为……感到自豪”，故填(p)roud。 （2023江苏扬州统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up.“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.”Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 2 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes.“She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 3 both have her.”He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 4 .“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window.When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 5 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother.When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.The children are so w 7 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 8 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 9 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have.Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up.—Taken from Peter Pan【答案】1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．(o)pen 6．(n)othing 7．(w)orried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rown【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the window”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t know”和“he knows”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She loves Wendy”和“But I love Wendy, too.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“two tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he opens the window.”可知，窗户是开着的，open“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填(o)pen。6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait for her to say something, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nothing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)othing。7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，worried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)orried。8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, ‘Mother!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is looking at something he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grow up“长大”，固定短语，grow用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rown。（2023天津统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p 11 with some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good r 12 to smile often.First, it is e 13 to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f 14 a rest and smile!Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l 15 nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a 16 someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.Third, smiles have power (感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s 18 , the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.F 19 , smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be difficult to s 20 sad for very long!【答案】11．(p)leased 12．(r)easons 13．(e)asier 14．(f)ace 15．(l)ook 16．(a)round 17．(s)pread 18．(s)ad 19．(F)inally 20．(s)tay【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。11．句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对……感到满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。12．句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reason“理由，原因”，other后接名词复数。故填(r)easons。13．句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。14．句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。15．句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising or wearing nice clothes”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，look“看起来”，不定式符号to后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填(l)ook。16．句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用around表示“在……周围”。故填(a)round。17．句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“from one person to another”可知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。18．句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。19．句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First ... Second ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。20．句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“for very long”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。（2023江苏连云港统考中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。The traditional Chinese lunar calendar has 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. Ancient Chinese people created this system to m 21 the change of time based on the sun’s position. In ancient times, this system guided farming activities. It t 22 farmers what to do according to the changes in temperature. Today, 24 solar terms still play an important role in Chinese people’s e 23 life. They remind people of the changes in s 24 and to eat suitable food. This ancient time system has gained new charm now. In Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, the director used a new countdown (倒计时) method, showing 24 solar terms instead of numbers. This creative method was greatly p 25 by people around the world. They are amazed by the wisdom of Chinese people.【答案】21．(m)ark 22．(t)old 23．(e)veryday 24．(s)easons 25．(p)raised【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古人创造的24节气以及这个古老的时间系统带来的新的魅力。21．句意：中国古人创造这个系统是为了根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化。根据“Ancient Chinese people created this system to m...the change of time based on the sun’s position.”可知24节气是为了根据太阳的位置来标记时间的变化，mark“标记”，动词，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形，故填(m)ark。22．句意：它告诉农民根据温度的变化做什么。根据“farmers what to do according to the changes in temperature”可知24个节气可以告诉农民根据温度的变化来做事情，tell“告诉”，此处是说在古代的时候，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(t)old。23．句意：今天，24节气在中国人的日常生活中仍然扮演着重要的角色。根据“play an important role in Chinese people’s e...life. ”可知是指日常生活，应用everyday life。故填(e)veryday。24．句意：他们提醒人们季节的变化和吃合适的食物。根据“They remind people of the changes in s...”可知是指季节的变化，season“季节”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(s)easons。25．句意：这种创造性的方法受到了全世界人民的极大赞扬。根据“They are amazed by the wisdom of Chinese people.”以及空处单词的首字母可知，这种创造性的方法被全世界人们赞扬。praise“赞扬”，动词，和主语之间是被动关系，所以动词用过去分词，故填(p)raised。(2022中考真题）（一）（2022广东广州中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。Dunbuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c ___46___ of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f ___47___ countries did business and communicated with the local people.If you v ___48___ Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves（莫高窟）. If you walk i ___49___ , you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c ___50___ to see Dunhuang’s treasures online.【答案】46．(c)entre##(c)enter47．(f)oreign48．(v)isit49．(i)nside50．(c)hance【解析】【导语】本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。46．句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。47．句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“countries”前用形容词修饰，根据“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“foreign”。故填(f)oreign。48．句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“you will be able to see the Mogao Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“you”，动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。49．句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discover some of the wonderful artworks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。50．句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“to see Dunhuang’s treasures online” 及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“have a chance to do”。故填(c)hance。（二）（2022湖北武汉中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。Erie Green has always wondered about things that live in the ocean. When he was y____46____ , he loved to swim. He liked to watch all kinds of underwater animals and plants through his mask (潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted to l____47____ for new things in the ocean. Today, Mr. Green is a marine ecologist (海洋生态学家). He studies how underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay a____48____. Mr. Green studies coral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A coral reef is like a big underwater t____49____. Thousands of animals and plants live there. They compete for food and space there. As a result, the beautiful coral reefs get i____50____ easily. Mr. Green also studies how people’s actions can change coral reefs. Sometimes people pollute the water or overfish, so the w____51____ that all the living things are joined together has been changed. If coral reefs get hurt, many animals have to find new homes. Some animals’ n____52____ drop low, and some animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants to p____53____ this from happening. Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be k____54____ safe. “Underwater ecosystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all of their parts to work correctly.” “To take better care of marine homes, we first must k____55____ them. Only through that, can we understand the great influence humans have on these places.” Mr. Green says.【答案】46．(y)oung47．(l)ook48．(a)live49．(t)own50．(i)njured51．(w)ay52．(n)umbers53．(p)revent54．(k)ept55．(k)now【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋生态学家格林先生意识到珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及它们的重要性，呼吁人们要先了解它们并保护它们。46．句意：当他年轻的时候，他喜欢游泳。was后接形容词作表语，根据“When he grew up”及首字母可知，年轻的时候喜欢游泳，young“年轻的”符合，故填(y)oung。47．句意：当他长大后，他想在海洋中寻找新的东西。根据“he wanted to … for new things in the ocean”及首字母可知，此处指在海洋中寻找新东西，look for“寻找”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填(l)ook。48．句意：他研究水下的动物和植物是如何相互联系、相互需要以维持生存的。根据“underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay”及首字母可知，水下的动植物相互维持生存，alive“活着的”，形容词作表语，故填(a)live。49．句意：珊瑚礁就像一个巨大的水下小镇。根据“A coral reef is like a big underwater”及首字母可知，把珊瑚礁比喻成一个巨大的小镇，town“城镇”，a修饰名词的单数形式，故填(t)own。50．句意：因此，美丽的珊瑚礁很容易受伤。根据“They compete for food and space there”可知，因为食物和生存的空间相互竞争，导致珊瑚礁受伤，get injured“受伤”，故填(i)njured。51．句意：有时人们污染水或过度捕捞，所以所有生物的连接方式已经改变。根据“the …that all the living things are joined together has been changed”及首字母可知，连接方式改变了，way“方式”。根据has可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(w)ay。52．句意：有些动物的数量下降了，有些动物就消失了。根据“Some animals’ … drop low, some animals just disappear”可知，有些数量少了，有些消失了，number“数量”，句子是一般现在时，drop是动词原形，故此空应填名词复数形式，故填(n)umbers。53．句意：格林先生想阻止这种事情发生。根据“Mr. Green wants to … this from happening”及首字母可知，想阻止这一切发生，prevent…from doing sth“阻止某事发生”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填(p)revent。54．句意：格林先生认为珊瑚礁里的所有生物都应该保护好。根据“They need all of their parts to work correctly”可知，珊瑚礁里的每一部分都需要正常工作，所以它们应该被保护起来，keep“保持”，be与过去分词构成被动语态结构，故填(k)ept。55．句意：要更好地照顾海洋家园，我们首先必须了解它们。根据“we first must…them”及“can we understand the great influence humans have on these places”可知，只有先了解珊瑚礁，才能理解人类对这些地方的巨大影响，know“了解”，情态动词must后接动词原形，故填(k)now。（三）（2022江苏连云港中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。Erhu is one of the most important Chinese instruments. It has a history of o____51____ 1,000 years. It is said that Erhu did not get its name u____52____ the late Qing Dynasty. It has been improved gradually since it appeared. It is also c____53____ the Chinese violin because its tone is as soft and bright as the violin’s. There are many w____54____ pieces of music played by Erhu, such as The Moon Reflected on the Er-quan Spring. You can go and e____55____ the charm of them. I hope you’ll love them.【答案】51．(o)ver52．(u)ntil53．(c)alled54．(w)onderful##(w)orld-famous55．(e)njoy##(e)xperience【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了二胡的发展历史。51．句意：它有一千多年的历史。根据“ It has a history of … 1,000 years”可知，此处指1000多年的历史，over“超过”，故填(o)ver。52．句意：据说二胡直到清末才得名。 根据“It is said that Erhu did not get its name … the late Qing Dynasty.”可知，此处用not…until表示“直到……才”，故填(u)ntil。53．句意：它也被称为中国小提琴，因为它的音调和小提琴一样柔和明亮。根据“It is also c… the Chinese violin”及首字母可知，二胡也被称为中国小提琴，call“称呼”，主语it与动词call之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态be done的结构，空格前已有is，故此空填过去分词，故填(c)alled。54．句意：用二胡演奏了许多美妙/著名的乐曲。根据“pieces of music”及首字母可知，此处指美妙的或者是著名的乐曲，wonderful“美妙的”，world-famous“著名的”，故填(w)onderful/(w)orld-famous。55．句意：你可以去欣赏/体验它们的魅力。此空与go构成并列关系，故此空也应填入一个动词原形，根据“the charm of them”及首字母可知，欣赏它们的魅力，enjoy“欣赏”，experience“体验”，故填(e)njoy/(e)xperience。（四）（2022江苏扬州中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___51___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___52___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.The museum o___53___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___54___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___55___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___56___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___57___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”.So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___58___ people changed nature.Passing t___59___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____60____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?【答案】51．(l)ongest52．(c)ities53．(o)pened54．(s)hape55．(h)istory56．(w)hile57．(c)onsidered58．(h)ow59．(t)hrough60．(m)useums【解析】【导语】本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。51．句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。52．句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。53．句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。54．句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。55．句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。56．句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions...they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。57．句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。58．句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。59．句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。60．句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。（五）（2022天津中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。In the small villages of Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, most kids want to read books. But no roads go to their homes, only miles and miles of sand. Cars and trucks are not useful, s____46____ library books arrive on the backs of camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the books. Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w____47____ to the villages together. One camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and the other carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shows the b____48____ to the kids inside. Two weeks later, the camels c____49____ back with new books.Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand (泰国) get books in a d____50____ way. Their “l____51____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult journey. Because they are large, they can carry many books in metal cases (金属箱). The metal protects the books from the heavy rains that f____52____ in the area.Indonesia (印度尼西亚) has its own difficulties. The country has over 17,000 islands. Most people t____53____ by boat and they also carry their books by boat. A library boat holds(容纳) about 500 books in boxes. Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded (交换) for new books a few weeks l____54____.For people who live far and can’t get to a library, a library that comes to them brings more than books. It brings a whole w_____55_____ of information.【答案】46．(s)o47．(w)alk48．(b)ooks49．(c)ome50．(d)ifferent51．(l)ibraries52．(f)all53．(t)ravel54．(l)ater55．(w)orld【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。46．句意：汽车和卡车没有用处，所以图书馆的书是骑在骆驼背上的。根据“Cars and trucks are not useful...library books arrive on the backs of camels”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so引导。故填(s)o。47．句意：两只骆驼、一个骆驼司机和一个图书管理员一起步行到村庄。根据“Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian”以及首字母并结合上文可知汽车和卡车没有用，所以他们是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)alk。48．句意：在每个村庄，图书管理员都会搭起帐篷，向里面的孩子们展示书籍。根据“the librarian sets up the tent and shows the...to the kids inside”以及首字母可知图书管理员给孩子展示书籍，表泛指用名词复数books“书”。故填(b)ooks。49．句意：两周后，骆驼带着新书回来了。根据“back with new books”以及首字母可知是带着新书回来，come back“回来”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ome。50．句意：泰国北部山区的一些人以不同的方式获取书籍。根据“Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand(泰国) get books in”以及首字母并结合下文可知泰国人获取书籍的方式也不同，修饰名词用形容词different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。51．句意：他们的“图书馆”由大象携带。根据“are carried by elephants”以及首字母可知此处指图书馆，library“图书馆”，根据are可知主语用名词复数。故填(l)ibraries。52．句意：金属保护书籍免受该地区的大雨影响。根据“The metal protects the books from the heavy rains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(f)all。53．句意：大多数人乘船旅行，他们也乘船携带书籍。根据“by boat and they also carry their books by boat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(t)ravel。54．句意：成箱的书留在村子里，几周后被换成新书。根据“Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded(交换) for new books a few weeks”以及首字母可知是几周后换新书，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。55．句意：它带来了很多信息。根据“It brings a whole...of information”以及首字母可知是很多信息，a world of“很多”。故填(w)orld。（六）（2022江苏徐州中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。When people meet strangers, they often have small talks. These talks are a good way for people to s____1____ hello. The talks cover many topics, such as weather, films, sports, TV shows o____2____ the latest news. But we should always keep it in mind that p____3____ subjects about money, age, and weight should be avoided. Besides, it’s better to ask open-ended questions. If you ask, “Do you like our city?” They may say s____4____, “Yes”. If you ask, “What do you think of our city?” They will have more freedom in answering. This type of question also shows that you are interested in them. If you seem interested in w____5____ people are saying, they will feel more comfortable talking with you.【答案】1．(s)ay 2．(o)r3． (p)rivate 4．(s)imply 5．(w)hat【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了当人们遇到陌生人时，针对不同群体如何进行简短的交谈。1．句意：这些谈话是人们打招呼的好方式。根据“These talks are a good way for people to...hello”结合首字母提示可知，此处是指打招呼，say hello符合语境，空前有不定式，动词用原形，故填(s)ay。2．句意：谈话涉及很多话题，如天气、电影、体育、电视节目或最新的新闻。根据“such as weather, films, sports, TV shows...the latest news.”结合首字母可知，此处是在表示列举，or符合语境，故填(o)r。3．句意：但是我们应该记住，关于金钱、年龄和体重的私人话题应该避免。根据“money, age, and weight should be avoided”可知金钱、年龄和体重都是隐私，private“私人的”，形容词作定语，故填(p)rivate。4．句意：他们可能会简单地说：“是的”。分析结构可知空处应用副词修饰动词，结合首字母提示应填simply“仅仅”符合语境，故填(s)imply。5．句意：如果你对别人说的话感兴趣，他们会觉得和你交谈更舒服。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语，what符合，故填(w)hat。（七）（2022江苏镇江中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China. But f____6____ people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying Xiong.Recently, a Sina Weibo user m____7____ this novel written by Zhou more than a century ago. Many young people showed a strong i____8____ in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China. Another user posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the a____9____ of 16. It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed, but it can be found a____10____. The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.A____11____ many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was stopped but Premier Zhou went on to s____12____ the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m____13____ China.” A 29-year-old computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____14____ values. When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to f____15____ the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared with what they experienced.”【答案】6．(f)ew7．(m)entioned8．(i)nterest9．(a)ge10．(a)mong11．(A)lthough12．(s)ave13．(m)odern14．(r)ight##(r)eal15．(f)orget【解析】【导语】本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。6．句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎没有”，故填(f)ew。7．句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weibo user...this novel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mention“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过去式，故填(m)entioned。8．句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many young people showed a strong...in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。9．句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at the...of 16”及首字母提示可知，此处是at the age of“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。10．句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914...the novel was never completed, but it can be found...The Early Works of Zhou Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用among“在……中”，故填(a)mong。11．句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用although“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。12．句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The novel was stopped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。13．句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrote a history of...China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，modern“现代的”，故填(m)odern。14．句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。15．句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，forget“忘记”，故填(f)orget。（八）（2022江苏泰州中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。It was a beautiful fall day. I was out riding my bicycle. I guessed I rode over a hole in the road. All of a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell off my bicycle. My right side really h__16__!My head hit the ground h__17__. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, b__18__ I failed! “There must be s__19__ wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so t__20__ that I had to still lie there. Then I saw b__21__ on my shoe. My hand and knee were bleeding.As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There was a sharp rock sticking out of it. I looked at it in f__22__. Thank goodness I wore my helmet!I shouted for help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__23__ his truck and came to help me. He put my bicycle in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital.When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m so glad you were wearing your helmet. The helmet saved your life,” she said. She knew I was c__24__ before and did not always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was not the helmet i__25__ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later on!”【答案】16．(h)urt17．(h)eavily18．(b)ut19．(s)omething20．(t)errible21．(b)lood22．(f)ear23．(s)topped24．(c)areless25．(i)tself【解析】【导语】本文讲述了作者在骑车时重重的摔倒，安全意识救了他的命的故事。16．句意：我的右侧真的很痛！根据“I fell off my bicycle.”和首字母可知，此处是指受伤了。hurt“受伤”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，hurt的过去式还是hurt。故填(h)urt。17．句意：我的头重重地撞在地上。根据“I lay there for a few minutes.”和首字母可知，此处是指重重地摔在地下。heavily“重重地”，副词修饰动词。故填(h)eavily。18．句意：我想站起来，但我失败了！根据“I failed!”可知，句子前后是转折关系，结合首字母可知是连词but“但是”。故填(b)ut。19．句意：我一定有什么问题。根据“There must be...wrong with me,”可知，作者的脑袋重重地摔在地上且站不起来，结合首字母可知应是something“一些东西”。固定短语there is something wrong with sb.“某人出了……问题”。故填(s)omething。20．句意：我感到非常糟糕，以至于不得不仍然躺在那里。根据“I had to still lie there.”和首字母可知，作者摔在地上且站不起来，这是很糟糕的。terrible“糟糕的”，形容词。故填(t)errible。21．句意：然后我看到我的鞋上有血。根据“My hand and knee were bleeding.”可知，此处是看到鞋子上的血。应用名词形式blood“血”，作动词的宾语。故填(b)lood。22．句意：我害怕地看着它。根据“There was a sharp rock sticking out of it.”和首字母可知，作者很害怕。固定短语in fear“害怕地，恐惧地”。故填(f)ear。23．句意：司机停下他的卡车来帮助我。根据“came to help me.”和首字母可知，司机是停下了车。stop“停止”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，stop的过去式为stopped。故填(s)topped。24．句意：她知道我以前粗心，并不总是戴头盔。根据“did not always wear my helmet.”和首字母可知，作者不总戴口罩，应是粗心的。careless“粗心的”，形容词。故填(c)areless。25．句意：妈妈，救我的不是头盔本身，而是安全意识。根据“safety awareness did.”和首字母可知，此处是指头盔本身。应用“the helmet”对应的反身代词itself“它自己”。故填(i)tself。